E-waste has become a growing environmental threat in Pakistan, particularly in major urban centers like Karachi. Recent studies have highlighted alarming levels of exposure to Flame Retardants (FRs), a chemical used in many electronic products. These chemicals, while protecting devices from fires, pose serious risks when improperly handled, releasing toxins into the environment and potentially causing harm to human health. The uncontrolled dumping and recycling of electronic waste in the city have led to significant contamination of soil, water, and air, marking a critical environmental challenge.

Karachi’s informal recycling sector is one of the largest contributors to this pollution. Workers, often without proper safety gear, handle hazardous materials, exposing themselves to FRs, which are linked to serious health conditions like respiratory issues, hormonal disruptions, and even cancer. As the issue escalates, urgent measures are needed to regulate e-waste management and protect both the environment and human health in Pakistan’s most populous city.